Stephen Downes

Knowledge, Learning, Community

As I've often said, education researchers love a taxonomy, and this is another one, so I may as well pass it along. The five roles are: the critic, the verifier, the interlocutor, the editor, and the architect. "They are positions on a spectrum that runs from critical distance to collaborative integration, and the student's movement across them is shaped by context, by the demands of the task, and by the developing expertise the student brings to it."

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Stephen Downes Stephen Downes, Casselman, Canada
stephen@downes.ca

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Last Updated: Apr 06, 2026 2:29 p.m.

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