This is quite a good article that looks specifically at the term 'emotional labour' and asks whether an AI could be credited with doing it. The discussion is framed through the work of 1950s and 60s philosophers who argued over essentially this question. It's interesting because it's not simply a matter of whether a machine performs the exact behaviour a human does, but whether it can be attributed the emotional states that constitute emotional labour. "Ziff, Smart, and Putnam disagree about whether feeling is restricted to living organisms or attributed through physical or behavioral organization. Weiss, Scriven, and Danto disagree about whether relation, technical honesty, or language can warrant an attribution of inner feeling. Dyer, Ortony et al., and Arbib disagree about whether cognition-first computation captures emotion or excludes constitutive bodily processes." Great discussion, though I would in the end disagree with the conclusion. Image: Arlie R. Hochschild, Philonomist.
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