Stephen Downes

Text and video of a talk on self-efficacy in education - what I, I think, would call agency. To a large degree it is an exploration of the history of self-efficacy, from the work of Albert Bandura, though various efforts to develop self-efficacy scales, to considerations of different types of self-efficacy and the relation between it and performance. This talk reports on a study of music students to determine "the relationship was between their self-efficacy, their practice time, and the quality of their attainment." Laura Ritchie concludes, "Establishing a strong sense of self-efficacy sets the foundation for a continuing pattern of learning and achievement, through professional development and an active pursuit of personal growth.