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      <title>Stephen's Web ~ OLDaily</title>
      <link>http://www.downes.ca/</link>
      <description>News and opinions related to online learning and new media.</description>
      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>Fri, 5 Feb 2010 15:10:27 -0400</pubDate>
      <lastBuildDate>Fri, 5 Feb 2010 15:10:27 -0400</lastBuildDate>
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      <item>
          <title>Trends In Personal Learning</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=238</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/Trends%20in%20Personal%20Learning.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/Gaggle.mp3">Audio</a>] Audio and slides from my presentation last night, Trends in Personal Learning. Review of major trends in technology - personal access, content creation, presentation and conferencing, networking and community, immersion and simulation, augmented reality - and discussion of how these define and inform personal learning. // Archive Info
Name: FlexEd Virtual Session - 02/04/2010 11:56
URL: <a  href="http://161.50.50.74/launcher.cgi?room=FlexEdRoom_2010_0204_1156_37">http://161.50.50.74/launcher.cgi?room=FlexEdRoom_2010_0204_1156_37</a> 
, Canberra, Australia, online via Wimba (Lecture) February 4, 2010 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=238">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Thu, 4 Feb 2010 14:39:26 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/Gaggle.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=238</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Pedagogical Foundations For Personal Learning</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=237</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/lff10.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/lff10.mp3">Audio</a>] In this talk I outline the differences between learning using a personal learning environment (PLE) and learning in an LMS. I argue that a PLE does what an LMS cannot do - it is designed to stimulate learning through an immersion into a community, as opposed to learning via presentation of facts. Pedagogy thus becomes the facilitation of skills for participation in such communities, which I tie to my critical literacy framework. 
Learning Futures Festival, Leicester, UK., via Elluminate (Keynote) January 11, 2010 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=237">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Mon, 11 Jan 2010 12:42:54 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/lff10.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=237</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Managing Digital Rights Using JSON</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=236</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/ieee-json.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ieee-json.mp3">Audio</a>] In this presentation I describe a novel approach for the management of digital rights expression. The technique, which leverages JSON - Javascript Object Notation - does not involve parsing or processing of rights data, and not only does it solve the cross-domain scripting problem for rights expressions, it also provides an alternative to the language-based digital rights management patents held by ContentGuard. Here is the <a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/Managing_Digital_Rights_Using_JSON_final.pdf">text of the paper</a>. 
6th IEEE International Workshop on Digital Rights Management, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA (Lecture) January 11, 2010 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=236">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Mon, 11 Jan 2010 12:37:37 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ieee-json.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=236</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>The Role of Open Educational Resources in Personal Learning</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=235</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/barcelona1dec09.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/barcelona1dec09.mp3">Audio</a>] The role of open educational resources is to function as a vocabulary in which we converse. The main emphasis of this presentation was to speak of their role in the development of networks - these networks are the characteristic result of conversations. 
International Seminar on Open Social Learning (OSL), Barcelona, Spain (Keynote) December 1, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=235">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Tue, 1 Dec 2009 03:17:18 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/barcelona1dec09.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=235</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>New Tools for Personal Learning</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=234</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/prague-25-11-2009.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/czech.mp3">Audio</a>] In this presentation I describe how new technologies are being designed in order to adapt to a rapidly changing and complex world. In this picture, learning is not a matter of knowledge acquisition and memorization, but rather, personal development in such a way that we become able to navigate and work with this knowledge and content in the same manner, with the same capacities, as the expert. This is a type of learning that is based on the creation of tools that support a mesh network; this network, in turn, supports the conversation and interactions that foster the development of an expert character. 
MEFANET 2009 Conference, Brno, Czech Republic, via MVU Videoconference (Lecture) November 25, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=234">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Wed, 25 Nov 2009 07:08:00 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/czech.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=234</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Speaking in Lolcats, Take 2</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=233</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/ECI831.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ECI831.mp3">Audio</a>] Reprise of my talk from last week, in more detail and some new slides. The internet has introduced us to a world in which we can communicate with each other in a wide variety of media. Where formally we could only talk and sing to each other, now we can create videos, author animations, link to videos and images and cartoons, and more, mix and match these in a complex open-ended vocabulary. What it means to be literate in such an information age is fundamentally distinct from the literacy of the 3Rs, and teaching new literacy an evolving challenge for those of us still struggling to learn it. This talk looks at the elements of 21st century literacies, redefines critical thinking for the internet age, and suggests a redefinition of what we think of as 'core' curriculum. Elluminate session recording (with video) at http://eci831.wikispaces.com/11-24-09 
ECI 381 (Alec Couros), Online to Saskatchewan via Elluminate (Lecture) November 24, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=233">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Tue, 24 Nov 2009 21:17:12 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ECI831.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=233</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Speaking in Lolcats: What Literacy Means in teh Digital Era</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=232</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/ECOO-2.pdf">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ecoo-2.mp3">Audio</a>] The internet has introduced us to a world in which we can communicate with each other in a wide variety of media. Where formally we could only talk and sing to each other, now we can create videos, author animations, link to videos and images and cartoons, and more, mix and match these in a complex open-ended vocabulary. What it means to be literate in such an information age is fundamentally distinct from the literacy of the 3Rs, and teaching new literacy an evolving challenge for those of us still struggling to learn it. This talk looks at the elements of 21st century literacies, redefines critical thinking for the internet age, and suggests a redefinition of what we think of as 'core' curriculum.  
Educational Computing Organization of Ontario, Richmond Hill, Ontario (Lecture) November 12, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=232">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Thu, 12 Nov 2009 16:44:51 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ecoo-2.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=232</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Open Education: Projects and Potential</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=231</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/ECOO-1.pdf">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ecoo-1.mp3">Audio</a>] The internet offers society the opportunity to provide access to a free or affordable education for all. This concept is known as 'open education' and is the subject of various projects, such as 'Open Education Resources' (OER) or the Open Courseware Project (OCW). This talk will look at the principle of open education, talk about major projects, describe the role played by educational technology, and outline some of the challenges.  
Educational Computing Organization of Ontario, Richmond Hill, Ontario (Lecture) November 12, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=231">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Thu, 12 Nov 2009 16:43:38 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ecoo-1.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=231</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Four Struggles</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=230</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/four_struggles.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/four_struggles.mp3">Audio</a>] This is a guest presentation to a political science class at St. Thomas University in Fredericton. I look at an introductory and fairly typical chapter on globalization and outsourcing, and then argue that changes in political and economic organization run counter to the model proposed. In particular, the development of a network-based society runs against the model of corporate structures described. This all is set within a context of 'four struggles' that have shaped political and other conflict through history and today. 
St. Thomas University, Fredericton, NB (Lecture) October 2, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=230">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Fri, 2 Oct 2009 15:58:47 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/four_struggles.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=230</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>The Cloud and Collaboration</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=229</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/ars09.pdf">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ars2009.mp3">Audio</a>] In this presentation I describe the concept of the internet as a form of global consciousness. I look at the idea of human nature as it has traditionally been represented but suggest that a more appropriate model is that of a collection of neurons. With this model I analyse what a global consciousness would look like - not collaboration, as in the organization of a company or a nation, but cooperation, as in the actions of autonomous but interdependent and connected individuals. Text written for the talk is <a  href="http://halfanhour.blogspot.com/2009/06/cloud-and-collaboration.html">available online</a> (this is not a transcript). 
Ars Electronica Symposium on Cloud Intelligence, Linz, Austria (Keynote) September 6, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=229">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Sun, 6 Sep 2009 03:07:27 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/ars2009.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=229</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>D2L 2009 Expert Panel</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=228</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/ExpertPanel2009.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/d2l2009.mp3">Audio</a>] The panel page was <a  href="https://fusion2009.desire2learn.com/expertpanel/">here</a>. The UStream recording appears not to exist. Slides exist but I don't have access to them at the moment; they will be posted later. The audio recording is available; enjoy.
 
D2L Fusion 2009, St. Paul, Minnesota (Panel) July 16, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=228">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2009 16:21:55 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/d2l2009.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=228</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Communities and Networks</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=227</link>
          <description><![CDATA[  Presentation on the concept of the community of practice, tracing how it evolved from its original form resembling groups and featuring shared objectives and meanings, to one resembling networks, being composed more of interactions and conversations. Some technical difficulties (edited out of the video) truncated the presentation, unfortunately. 
VII seminari especialitzat en gestia del coneixement, Barcelona, online via Sclipo (Lecture) July 7, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=227">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Tue, 7 Jul 2009 09:10:36 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=227</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>gRSShopper: Creating the Personal Web</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=226</link>
          <description><![CDATA[  Using slides created for an Innovation Forum presentation, this internal presentation amounted to an in-depth look at gRSShopper from the perspective as a prototype for the Personal Learning Environment. The video of the 1 hour 20 minute presentation is available and features not only slides but also screen capture of various features of gRSShopper being demonstrated.  
Internal: Presentation to PLE group, Moncton (Seminar) July 7, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=226">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Tue, 7 Jul 2009 09:07:07 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=226</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Beyond Management: The Personal Learning Environment</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=225</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/hawaii.pdf">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/hawaii.mp3">Audio</a>] In this presentation, I mix the presentation of the theory - chaos, complexity and mesh networks - with the practical technical development leading toward the personal learning environment. A second <a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/hawaii2.mp3">audio</a> file is also available. 
Ed Media, Honolulu, Hawaii (Keynote) June 24, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=225">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2009 18:51:55 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/hawaii.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=225</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>New Technology Supporting Informal Learning</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=224</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/braga.pdf">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/braga.mp3">Audio</a>] <img src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3651/3530811523_bbd458d189.jpg?v=0">

<i>Photo by <a  href="http://twitpic.com/557lq">Storrao</a></i>


Description of the transition from linear adaptive learning systems to open networked based object oriented environments. Overview of the CCK08 online course, and description of the idea behind the PLE. See the <a  href="http://halfanhour.blogspot.com/2009/04/new-technology-supporting-informal.html">paper associated</a> with the presentation (note that the presentation actually delivered differs from the paper). See also this <a  href="http://qik.com/video/1667684">short video clip</a> of part of the talk. 
Challenges 2009, Braga, Portugal (Keynote) May 14, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=224">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2009 09:18:22 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/braga.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=224</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Social Media for Journalists</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=223</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/monctonmay09.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/monctonmay2009.mp3">Audio</a>] Discussion of social media with and for journalists in Atlantic Canada. 
Atlantic Journalism Awards, Moncton (Keynote) May 2, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=223">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Sat, 2 May 2009 10:47:54 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/monctonmay2009.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=223</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Educamp 2009</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=222</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/educamp2009.mp3">Audio</a>] Discussion of web 2.0 and how it can be used to contextualize learning. 
Educamp09, Ilmenau, Germany, via Skype (Seminar) April 18, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=222">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2009 07:47:16 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/educamp2009.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=222</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Providing Learning in Social Networks</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=221</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/gagetown2009.ppt">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/gagetown.mp3">Audio</a>] Overview of the network approach to learning. New material, new slides. I place network learning in perspective with games and simulations, and describe it as an approach to be taken when we don't know what we want our students to learn (eg., in a complex or changing environment). I then overview the Connectivism course and gRSShopper. I then talk about future work, such as serialized feeds, the personal learning environment, and state based learning design. First 30 seconds of so (the intro) are low volume; the rest is fine. Note that <a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/gagetown2009.pdf">PDF slides</a> are 75 megabytes (I don't know why). More austere <a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/gagetown2009.ppt">PowerPoint slides</a> are available, as well as the <a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/gagetown_old_2009.ppt">originals</a> created on a Mac (will not load all images in Windows). 
Symposium on Advance Learning Technologies, Gagetown, NB (Keynote) April 16, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=221">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2009 14:41:23 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/gagetown.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=221</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Where is ICT Leading Education</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=220</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/Melbourne2Lite.mp3">Audio</a>] A shortish presentation talking about where the older model of online learning and how the newer model reshapes that, followed by a series of pointed questions and answers. Very different from the usual fare. No slides 
Australian College of Educators, Melbourne, Australia (Lecture) April 6, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=220">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Mon, 6 Apr 2009 13:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/Melbourne2Lite.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=220</guid>
      </item>      <item>
          <title>Learning 2.0: Learning Today and Tomorrow</title>
	  <link>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=219</link>
          <description><![CDATA[ [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/Melbourne_all.pdf">Slides</a>][<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/Melbourne1Lite.mp3">Audio</a>] <img src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3547/3417610952_afa737c6b3.jpg?v=0">



Workshop - the audio is roughly two hours - on the design and structure of a connectivist course.



The real changes in eLearning will not come from the area of technological innovation but rather pedagogical innovation. Stephen Downes will speak on how ICT can be used now and in the future to improve teaching and learning. His talk will be based on research, debate in the field and new thinking about education. Stephen's concept of Learning 2.0 addresses digital learning and the need for communication, interaction and open access to the creation and use of knowledge in learning.



Participants of this seminar will learn about the capacity of digital learning to enable inclusiveness, flexibility to support diverse learning styles and innovation for improved learning in education.


Commentary from <a  href="http://wisebytes.net/wordpress/2009/04/09/learning-20-with-stephen-downes-in-melbourne/">Lisa Wise</a> (very good, very detailed), <a  href="http://tsheko.wordpress.com/2009/04/06/stephen-downes-in-melbourne/">tsheko</a>, <a  href="http://jennylu.wordpress.com/2009/04/08/stephen-downes-learning-is-distributed/">Jenny Luca</a>. 
ACER Melbourne 2009, Melbourne, Australia (Seminar) April 6, 2009 [<a  href="http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=219">Comment</a>] ]]></description>
         <pubDate>Mon, 6 Apr 2009 04:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
         <enclosure url="http://www.downes.ca/files/audio/Melbourne1Lite.mp3" length="123456789" type="audio/mpeg" />
         <guid>http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/page.cgi?presentation=219</guid>
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